Georgian isn't alone in the world of polypersonal verbs, and I'm sure a lot of languages can have verb tables that look like this! (Basque, Turkish...) But here's a sample for one verb in Georgian, transliterated. Slightly intimidating.
tlis - cut/carve | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Present | (Subject-Nominative, Direct Object-Dative, Indirect Object-Dative) | |||||
I am cutting it, I cut it | ||||||
S./D.O. | I s. | II s. | III s. | I pl. | II pl. | III pl. |
I s. | --- | gtli | vtli | --- | gtlit | vtli |
II s. | mtli | --- | tli | gvtli | --- | tli |
III s. | mtlis | gtlis | tlis | gvtlis | gtlit | tlis |
I p. | --- | gtlit | vtlit | --- | gtlit | vtlit |
II p. | mtlit | --- | tlit | gvtlit | --- | tlit |
III p. | mtlian | gtlian | tlian | gvtlian | gtlian | tlian |
I am cutting it on him/her/it, I cut it on him/her/it | ||||||
S./I.O. | I s. | II s. | III s. | I pl. | II pl. | III pl. |
I s. | --- | gatli | vatli | --- | gatlit | vatli |
II s. | matli | --- | atli | gvatli | --- | atli |
III s. | matlis | vatlis | atlis | gvatlis | gatlit | atlis |
I p. | --- | gatlit | vatlit | --- | gatlit | vatlit |
II p. | matlit | --- | atlit | gvatlit | --- | atlit |
III p. | matlian | gatlien | atlian | gvatlian | gatlian | atlian |
I am cutting it for him/her, I cut it for him/her | ||||||
S./I.O. | I s. | II s. | III s. | I pl. | II pl. | III pl. |
I s. | --- | gitli | vutli | --- | gitlit | vutli |
II s. | mitli | --- | utli | gvitli | --- | utli |
III s. | mitlis | gitlis | utlis | gvitlis | gitlit | utlis |
I p. | --- | gitlit | vutlit | --- | gitlit | vutlit |
II p. | mitlit | --- | utlit | gvitlit | --- | utlit |
III p. | mitlian | gitlian | utlian | gvitlian | gitlian | utlian |
I am cutting it for myself, I cut it for myself | ||||||
S./D.O. | I s. | II s. | III s. | I pl. | II pl. | III pl. |
I s. | --- | --- | vitli | --- | --- | vitli |
II s. | --- | --- | itli | --- | --- | itli |
III s. | --- | --- | itlis | --- | --- | itlis |
I p. | --- | --- | vitlit | --- | --- | vitlit |
II p. | --- | --- | itlit | --- | --- | itlit |
III p. | --- | --- | itlian | --- | --- | itlian |
Imperfect | (Subject-Nominative, Direct Object-Dative, Indirect Object-Dative) | |||||
S./D.O. | I s. | II s. | III s. | I pl. | II pl. | III pl. |
I s. | --- | gtlidi | vtlidi | --- | gtlidit | vtlidi |
II s. | mtlidi | --- | tlidi | gvtlidi | --- | tlidi |
III s. | mtlida | gtlida | tlida | gvtlida | gtlidat | tlida |
I p. | --- | gtlidit | vtlidit | --- | gtlidit | vtlidit |
II p. | mtlidit | --- | tlidit | gvtlidit | --- | tlidit |
III p. | mtlidnen | gtlidnen | tlidnen | gvtlidnen | gtlidnen | tlidnen |
I was cutting it on him/her/it | ||||||
S./I.O. | I s. | II s. | III s. | I pl. | II pl. | III pl. |
I s. | --- | gatlidi | vatlidi | --- | gatlidit | vatlidi |
II s. | matlidi | --- | atlidi | gvatlidi | --- | atlidi |
III s. | matlida | gatlida | atlida | gvatlida | gatlidat | atlida |
I p. | --- | gatlidit | vatlidit | --- | gatlidit | vatlidit |
II p. | matlidit | --- | atlidit | gvatlidit | --- | atlidit |
III p. | matlidnen | gatlidnen | atlidnen | gvatlidnen | gatlidnen | atlidnen |
I was cutting it for him/her/it | ||||||
S./I.O. | I s. | II s. | III s. | I pl. | II pl. | III pl. |
I s. | --- | gitlidi | vutlidi | --- | gitlidit | vutlidi |
II s. | mitlidi | --- | utlidi | gvitlidi | --- | utlidi |
III s. | mitlida | gitlida | utlida | gvitlida | gitlidat | utlida |
I p. | --- | gitlidit | vutlidit | --- | gitlidit | vutlidit |
II p. | mitlidit | --- | utlidit | gvitlidit | --- | utlidit |
III p. | mitlidnen | gitlidnen | utlidnen | gvitlidnen | gitlidnen | utlidnen |
I was cutting it for myself | ||||||
S./D.O. | I s. | II s. | III s. | I pl. | II pl. | III pl. |
I s. | --- | --- | vitlidi | --- | --- | vitlidi |
II s. | --- | --- | itlidi | --- | --- | itlidi |
III s. | --- | --- | itlida | --- | --- | itlida |
I p. | --- | --- | vitlidit | --- | --- | vitlidit |
II p. | --- | --- | itlidit | --- | --- | itlidit |
III p. | --- | --- | itlidnen | --- | --- | itlidnen |
Present Subjunctive | (Subject-Nominative, Direct Object-Dative, Indirect Object-Dative) | |||||
(if) I were cutting it | ||||||
S./D.O. | I s. | II s. | III s. | I pl. | II pl. | III pl. |
I s. | --- | gtlide | vtlide | --- | gtlidet | vtlide |
II s. | mtlide | --- | tlide | gvtlide | --- | tlide |
III s. | mtlides | gtlides | tlides | gvtlides | gtlidet | tlides |
I p. | --- | mtlidet | vtlidet | --- | gtlidet | vtlidet |
II p. | mtlidet | --- | tlidet | gvtlidet | --- | tlidet |
III p. | mtlidnen | gtlidnen | tlidnen | gvtlidnen | gtlidnen | tlidnen |
(if) I were cutting it on him/her/it | ||||||
S./I.O. | I s. | II s. | III s. | I pl. | II pl. | III pl. |
I s. | --- | gatlide | vatlide | --- | gatlidet | vatlide |
II s. | matlide | --- | atlide | gvatlide | --- | atlide |
III s. | matlides | gatlides | atlides | gvatlides | gatlidet | atlides |
I p. | --- | gatlidet | vatlidet | --- | gvatlidet | vatlidet |
II p. | matlidet | --- | atlidet | gvatlidet | --- | atlidet |
III p. | matlidnen | gatlidnen | atlidnen | gvatlidnen | gatlidnen | atlidnen |
(if) I were cutting it for him/her/it | ||||||
S./I.O. | I s. | II s. | III s. | I pl. | II pl. | III pl. |
I s. | --- | gitlide | vutlide | --- | gitlidet | vutlide |
II s. | mitlide | --- | utlide | gvitlide | --- | utlide |
III s. | mitlides | gitlides | utlides | gvitlides | gitlidet | utlides |
I p. | --- | gitlidet | vutlidet | --- | gitlidet | vutlidet |
II p. | mitlidet | --- | utlidet | gvitlidet | --- | utlidet |
III p. | mitlidnen | gitlidnen | utlidnen | gvitlidnen | gitlidnen | utlidnen |
(if) I were cutting it for myself | ||||||
S./I.O. | I s. | II s. | III s. | I pl. | II pl. | III pl. |
I s. | --- | --- | vitlide | --- | --- | vitlide |
II s. | --- | --- | itlide | --- | --- | itlide |
III s. | --- | --- | itlides | --- | --- | itlides |
I p. | --- | --- | vitlidet | --- | --- | vitlidet |
II p. | --- | --- | itlidet | --- | --- | itlidet |
III p. | --- | --- | itlidnen | --- | --- | itlidnen |
Future | (Subject-Nominative, Direct Object-Dative, Indirect Object-Dative) | |||||
I will cut it | ||||||
S./D.O. | I s. | II s. | III s. | I pl. | II pl. | III pl. |
I s. | --- | gagtli | gavtli | --- | gagtlit | gavtli |
II s. | gamtli | --- | gatli | gagvtli | --- | gatli |
III s. | gamtlis | gagtlis | gatlis | gagvtlis | gagtlit | gatlis |
I p. | --- | gagtlit | gavtlit | --- | gagtlit | gavtlit |
II p. | gamtlit | --- | gatlit | gagvtlit | --- | gatlit |
III p. | gamtlian | gagtlian | gatlian | gagvtlian | gagtlian | gatlian |
I will cut it on him/her/it | ||||||
S./I.O. | I s. | II s. | III s. | I pl. | II pl. | III pl. |
I s. | --- | gagatli | gavatli | --- | gagatlit | gavatli |
II s. | gamatli | --- | gaatli | gagvatli | --- | gaatli |
III s. | gamatlis | gagatlis | gaatlis | gagvatlis | gagatlit | gaatlis |
I p. | --- | gagatlit | gavatlit | --- | gagatlit | gavatlit |
II p. | gamatlit | --- | gaatlit | gagvatlit | --- | gaatlit |
III p. | gamatlian | gagatlian | gaatlian | gagvatlian | gagatlian | gaatlian |
I will cut it for him/her/it | ||||||
S./I.O. | I s. | II s. | III s. | I pl. | II pl. | III pl. |
I s. | --- | gagitli | gavutli | --- | gagitlit | gavutli |
II s. | gamitli | --- | gautli | gagvitli | --- | gautli |
III s. | gamitlis | gagitlis | gautlis | gagvitlis | gagitlit | gautlis |
I p. | --- | gagitlit | gavutlit | --- | gagitlit | gavutlit |
II p. | gamitlit | --- | gautlit | gagvitlit | --- | gautlit |
III p. | gamitlian | gagitlian | gautlian | gagvitlian | gagitlian | gautlian |
I will cut it for myself | ||||||
S./D.O. | I s. | II s. | III s. | I pl. | II pl. | III pl. |
I s. | --- | --- | gavitli | --- | --- | gavitli |
II s. | --- | --- | gaitli | --- | --- | gaitli |
III s. | --- | --- | gaitlis | --- | --- | gaitlis |
I p. | --- | --- | gavitlit | --- | --- | gavitlit |
II p. | --- | --- | gaitlit | --- | --- | gaitlit |
III p. | --- | --- | gaitlian | --- | --- | gaitlian |
Conditional | (Subject-Nominative, Direct Object-Dative, Indirect Object-Dative) | |||||
I would cut it | ||||||
S./I.O. | I s. | II s. | III s. | I pl. | II pl. | III pl. |
I s. | --- | gagtlidi | gavtlidi | --- | gagtlidit | gavtlidi |
II s. | gamtlidi | --- | gatlidi | gagvtlidi | --- | gatlidi |
III s. | gamtlida | gagtlida | gatlida | gagvtlida | gagtlidat | gatlida |
I p. | --- | gagtlidit | gavtlidit | --- | gagtlidit | gavtlidit |
II p. | gamtlidit | --- | gatlidit | gagvtlidit | --- | gatlidit |
III p. | gamtlidnen | gagtlidnen | gatlidnen | gagvtlidnen | gagtlidnen | gatlidnen |
I would cut it on him/her/it | ||||||
S./I.O. | I s. | II s. | III s. | I pl. | II pl. | III pl. |
I s. | --- | gagatlidi | gavatlidi | --- | gagatlidit | gavatlidi |
II s. | gamatlidi | --- | gaatlidi | gagvatlidi | --- | gaatlidi |
III s. | gamatlida | gagatlida | gaatlida | gagvatlida | gagatlidat | gaatlida |
I p. | --- | gagatlidit | gavatlidit | --- | gagatlidit | gavatlidit |
II p. | gamatlidit | --- | gaatlidit | gagvatlidit | --- | gaatlidit |
III p. | gamatlidnen | gagatlidnen | gaatlidnen | gagvatlidnen | gagatlidnen | gaatlidnen |
I would cut it for him/her/it | ||||||
S./I.O. | I s. | II s. | III s. | I pl. | II pl. | III pl. |
I s. | --- | gagitlidi | gavutlidi | --- | gagitlidit | gavutlidi |
II s. | gamitlidi | --- | gautlidi | gagvitlidi | --- | gautlidi |
III s. | gamitlida | gagitlida | gautlida | gagvitlida | gagitlidat | gautlida |
I p. | --- | gagitlidit | gavutlidit | --- | gagitlidit | gavutlidit |
II p. | gamitlidit | --- | gautlidit | gagvitlidit | --- | gautlidit |
III p. | gamitlidnen | gagitlidnen | gautlidnen | gagvitlidnen | gagitlidnen | gautlidnen |
I would cut it for myself | ||||||
S./D.O. | I s. | II s. | III s. | I pl. | II pl. | III pl. |
I s. | --- | --- | gavitlidi | --- | --- | gavitlidi |
II s. | --- | --- | gaitlidi | --- | --- | gaitlidi |
III s. | --- | --- | gaitlida | --- | --- | gaitlida |
I p. | --- | --- | gavitlidit | --- | --- | gavitlidit |
II p. | --- | --- | gaitlidit | --- | --- | gaitlidit |
III p. | --- | --- | gaitlidnen | --- | --- | gaitlidnen |
Future Subjunctive | (Subject-Nominative, Direct Object-Dative, Indirect Object-Dative) | |||||
(if) I were to cut it | ||||||
S./I.O. | I s. | II s. | III s. | I pl. | II pl. | III pl. |
I s. | --- | gagtlide | gavtlide | --- | gagtlidet | gavtlide |
II s. | gamtlide | --- | gatlide | gagvtlide | --- | gatlide |
III s. | gamtlides | gagtlides | gatlides | gagvtlides | gagtlidet | gatlides |
I p. | --- | gagtlidet | gavtlidet | --- | gagtlidet | gavtlidet |
II p. | gamtlidet | --- | gatlidet | gagvtlidet | --- | gatlidet |
III p. | gamtlidnen | gagtlidnen | gatlidnen | gagvtlidnen | gagtlidnen | gatlidnen |
(if) I were to cut it on him/her/it | ||||||
S./I.O. | I s. | II s. | III s. | I pl. | II pl. | III pl. |
I s. | --- | gagatlide | gavatlide | --- | gagatlidet | gavatlide |
II s. | gamatlide | --- | gaatlide | gagvatlide | --- | gaatlide |
III s. | gamatlides | gagatlides | gaatlides | gagvatlides | gagatlidet | gaatlides |
I p. | --- | gagatlidet | gavatlidet | --- | gagatlidet | gavatlidet |
II p. | gamatlidet | --- | gaatlidet | gagvatlidet | --- | gaatlidet |
III p. | gamatlidnen | gagatlidnen | gaatlidnen | gagvatlidnen | gagatlidnen | gaatlidnen |
(if) I were to cut it for him/her/it | ||||||
S./I.O. | I s. | II s. | III s. | I pl. | II pl. | III pl. |
I s. | --- | gagitlide | gavutlide | --- | gagitlidet | gavutlide |
II s. | gamitlide | --- | gautlide | gagvitlide | --- | gautlide |
III s. | gamitlides | gagitlides | gautlides | gagvitlides | gagitlidet | gautlides |
I p. | --- | gagitlidet | gavutlidet | --- | gagitlidet | gavutlidet |
II p. | gamitlidet | --- | gautlidet | gagvitlidet | --- | gautlidet |
III p. | gamitlidnen | gagitlidnen | gautlidnen | gagvitlidnen | gagitlidnen | gautlidnen |
(if) I were to cut it for myself | ||||||
S./I.O. | I s. | II s. | III s. | I pl. | II pl. | III pl. |
I s. | --- | --- | gavitlide | --- | --- | gavitlide |
II s. | --- | --- | gaitlide | --- | --- | gaitlide |
III s. | --- | --- | gaitlides | --- | --- | gaitlides |
I p. | --- | --- | gavitlidet | --- | --- | gavitlidet |
II p. | --- | --- | gaitlidet | --- | --- | gaitlidet |
III p. | --- | --- | gaitlidnen | --- | --- | gaitlidnen |
Aorist | (Subject-Ergative, Direct Object-Nominative, Indirect Object-Dative) | |||||
I cut it | ||||||
S./D.O. | I s. | II s. | III s. | I pl. | II pl. | III pl. |
I s. | --- | (ga)gtale | (ga)vtale | --- | (ga)gtalet | (ga)vtale |
II s. | (ga)mtale | --- | (ga)tale | (ga)gvtale | --- | (ga)tale |
III s. | (ga)mtala | (ga)gtala | (ga)tala | (ga)gvtala | (ga)gtalat | (ga)tala |
I p. | --- | (ga)gtalet | (ga)vtalet | --- | (ga)gtalet | (ga)vtalet |
II p. | (ga)mtalet | --- | (ga)talet | (ga)gvtalet | --- | (ga)talet |
III p. | (ga)mtales | (ga)gtales | (ga)tales | (ga)gvtales | (ga)gtales | (ga)tales |
I cut it on him/her/it | ||||||
S./I.O. | I s. | II s. | III s. | I pl. | II pl. | III pl. |
I s. | --- | (ga)gatale | (ga)vatale | --- | (ga)gatalet | (ga)vatale |
II s. | (ga)matale | --- | (ga)atale | (ga)gvatale | --- | (ga)atale |
III s. | (ga)matala | (ga)gatala | (ga)atala | (ga)gvatala | (ga)gatalet | (ga)atala |
I p. | --- | (ga)gatalet | (ga)vatalet | --- | (ga)gatalet | (ga)vatalet |
II p. | (ga)matalet | --- | (ga)atalet | (ga)gvatalet | --- | (ga)atalet |
III p. | (ga)matales | (ga)gatales | (ga)atales | (ga)gvatales | (ga)gatales | (ga)atales |
I cut it for him/her/it | ||||||
S./I.O. | I s. | II s. | III s. | I pl. | II pl. | III pl. |
I s. | --- | (ga)gitale | (ga)vutale | --- | (ga)gitalet | (ga)vutale |
II s. | (ga)mitale | --- | (ga)utale | (ga)gvitale | --- | (ga)utale |
III s. | (ga)mitala | (ga)gitala | (ga)utala | (ga)gvitala | (ga)gitalat | (ga)utala |
I p. | --- | (ga)gitalet | (ga)vutalet | --- | (ga)gitalet | (ga)vutalet |
II p. | (ga)mitalet | --- | (ga)utalet | (ga)gvitalet | --- | (ga)utalet |
III p. | (ga)mitales | (ga)gitales | (ga)utales | (ga)gvitales | (ga)gitales | (ga)utales |
I will cut it for myself | ||||||
S./I.O. | I s. | II s. | III s. | I pl. | II pl. | III pl. |
I s. | --- | --- | (ga)vitale | --- | --- | (ga)vitale |
II s. | --- | --- | (ga)itale | --- | --- | (ga)itale |
III s. | --- | --- | (ga)itala | --- | --- | (ga)itala |
I p. | --- | --- | (ga)vitalet | --- | --- | (ga)vitalet |
II p. | --- | --- | (ga)italet | --- | --- | (ga)italet |
III p. | --- | --- | (ga)itales | --- | --- | (ga)itales |
Optative | (Subject-Ergative, Direct Object-Nominative, Indirect Object-Dative) | |||||
I (should) cut him/her/it | ||||||
S./D.O. | I s. | II s. | III s. | I pl. | II pl. | III pl. |
I s. | --- | (ga)gtalo | (ga)vtalo | --- | (ga)gtalot | (ga)vtalo |
II s. | (ga)mtalo | --- | (ga)talo | (ga)gvtalo | --- | (ga)talo |
III s. | (ga)mtalos | (ga)gtalos | (ga)talos | (ga)gvtalos | (ga)gtalot | (ga)talos |
I p. | --- | (ga)gtalot | (ga)vtalot | --- | (ga)gtalot | (ga)vtalot |
II p. | (ga)mtalot | --- | (ga)talot | (ga)gvtalot | --- | (ga)talot |
III p. | (ga)mtalon | (ga)gtalon | (ga)talon | (ga)gvtalon | (ga)gtalon | (ga)talon |
I (should) cut it on him/her | ||||||
S./I.O. | I s. | II s. | III s. | I pl. | II pl. | III pl. |
I s. | --- | (ga)gatalo | (ga)vatalo | --- | (ga)gatalot | (ga)vatalo |
II s. | (ga)matalo | --- | (ga)atalo | (ga)gvatalo | --- | (ga)atalo |
III s. | (ga)matalos | (ga)gatalos | (ga)atalos | (ga)gvatalos | (ga)gatalot | (ga)atalos |
I p. | --- | (ga)gatalot | (ga)vatalot | --- | (ga)gatalot | (ga)vatalot |
II p. | (ga)matalot | --- | (ga)atalot | (ga)gvatalot | --- | (ga)atalot |
III p. | (ga)matalon | (ga)gatalon | (ga)atalon | (ga)gvatalon | (ga)gatalon | (ga)atalon |
I (should) cut it for him/her/it | ||||||
S./I.O. | I s. | II s. | III s. | I pl. | II pl. | III pl. |
I s. | --- | (ga)gitalo | (ga)vutalo | --- | (ga)gitalot | (ga)vutalo |
II s. | (ga)mitalo | --- | (ga)utalo | (ga)gvitalo | --- | (ga)utalo |
III s. | (ga)mitalos | (ga)gitalos | (ga)utalos | (ga)gvitalos | (ga)gitalot | (ga)utalos |
I p. | --- | (ga)gitalot | (ga)vutalot | --- | (ga)gitalot | (ga)vutalot |
II p. | (ga)mitalot | --- | (ga)utalot | (ga)gvitalot | --- | (ga)utalot |
III p. | (ga)mitalon | (ga)gitalon | (ga)utalon | (ga)gvitalon | (ga)gitalon | (ga)utalon |
I (should) cut it for myself | ||||||
S./D.O. | I s. | II s. | III s. | I pl. | II pl. | III pl. |
I s. | --- | --- | (ga)vitalo | --- | --- | (ga)vitalo |
II s. | --- | --- | (ga)italo | --- | --- | (ga)italo |
III s. | --- | --- | (ga)italos | --- | --- | (ga)italos |
I p. | --- | --- | (ga)vitalot | --- | --- | (ga)vitalot |
II p. | --- | --- | (ga)italot | --- | --- | (ga)italot |
III p. | --- | --- | (ga)italon | --- | --- | (ga)italon |
Present Perfect | (Subject-Dative, Direct Object-Nominative) | |||||
(it seems) I have cut it | ||||||
S./D.O. | I s. | II s. | III s. | I pl. | II pl. | III pl. |
I s. | --- | (ga)mitlixar | (ga)mitlia | --- | (ga)mitlixart | (ga)mitlia |
II s. | (ga)gitlivar | --- | (ga)gitlia | (ga)gitlivart | --- | (ga)gitlia |
III s. | (ga)vutlivar | (ga)utlixar | (ga)utlia | (ga)vutlivart | (ga)utlixart | (ga)utlia |
I p. | --- | (ga)gvitlixar | (ga)gvitlia | --- | (ga)gvitlixart | (ga)gvitlia |
II p. | (ga)gitlivart | --- | (ga)gitliat | (ga)gitlivart | --- | (ga)gitliat |
III p. | (ga)vutlivar | (ga)utlixar | (ga)utliat | (ga)vutlivart | (ga)utlixart | (ga)utliat |
Pluperfect | (Subject-Dative, Direct Object-Nominative) | |||||
(if) I had cut it | ||||||
S./D.O. | I s. | II s. | III s. | I pl. | II pl. | III pl. |
I s. | --- | (ga)metale | (ga)metala | --- | (ga)metalet | (ga)metala |
II s. | (ga)getale | --- | (ga)getala | (ga)getalet | --- | (ga)getala |
III s. | (ga)vetale | (ga)etale | (ga)etala | (ga)vetalet | (ga)etalet | (ga)etala |
I p. | --- | (ga)gvetale | (ga)gvetala | --- | (ga)gvetalet | (ga)gvetala |
II p. | (ga)getalet | --- | (ga)getalat | (ga)getalet | --- | (ga)getalat |
III p. | (ga)vetale | (ga)etale | (ga)etalat | (ga)vetalet | (ga)etalet | (ga)etalat |
Perfect Subjunctive | (Subject-Dative, Direct Object-Nominative) | |||||
(I wish) I could cut it | ||||||
S./D.O. | I s. | II s. | III s. | I pl. | II pl. | III pl. |
I s. | --- | (ga)metalo | (ga)metalos | --- | (ga)metalot | (ga)metalos |
II s. | (ga)getalo | --- | (ga)getalos | (ga)getalot | --- | (ga)getalos |
III s. | (ga)vetalo | (ga)etalo | (ga)etalos | (ga)vetalot | (ga)etalot | (ga)etalos |
I p. | --- | (ga)gvetalo | (ga)gvetalos | --- | (ga)gvetalot | (ga)gvetalos |
II p. | (ga)getalot | --- | (ga)getalot | (ga)getalot | --- | (ga)getalot |
III p. | (ga)vetalo | (ga)etalo | (ga)etalot | (ga)vetalot | (ga)etalot | (ga)etalot |
Causative | ||||||
Present | (Subject-Nominative, Direct Object-Dative, Indirect Object-Dative) | |||||
I am making him/her/it cut it, I make him/her/it cut it | ||||||
S./I.O. | I s. | II s. | III s. | I pl. | II pl. | III pl. |
I s. | --- | gatlevineb | vatlevineb | --- | gatlevinebt | vatlevineb |
II s. | matlevineb | --- | atlevineb | gvatlevineb | --- | atlevineb |
III s. | matlevinebs | gatlevinebs | atlevinebs | gvatlevinebs | gatlevinebt | atlevinebs |
I p. | --- | matlevinebt | vatlevinebt | --- | gatlevinebt | vatlevinebt |
II p. | matlevinebt | --- | atlevinetb | gvatlevinebt | --- | atlevinebt |
III p. | matlevineben | gatlevineben | atlevineben | gvatlevineben | gatlevineben | atlevineben |
I am making him/her/it cut it (for him/her/it), I make him/her/it cut it (for him/her/it) | ||||||
S./I.O. | I s. | II s. | III s. | I pl. | II pl. | III pl. |
I s. | --- | gitlevineb | vutlevineb | --- | gitlevinebt | vutlevineb |
II s. | mitlevineb | --- | utlevineb | gvitlevineb | --- | utlevineb |
III s. | mitlevinebs | gitlevinebs | utlevinebs | gvitlevinebs | gitlevinebt | utlevinebs |
I p. | --- | gitlevinebt | vutlevinebt | --- | gitlevinebt | vutlevinebt |
II p. | mitlevinebt | --- | utlevinebt | gvitlevinebt | --- | utlevinebt |
III p. | mitlevineben | gitlevineben | utlevineben | gvitlevineben | gitlevineben | utlevineben |
I am making him/her/it cut it for me, I make him/her/it cut it for me | ||||||
S./D.O. | I s. | II s. | III s. | I pl. | II pl. | III pl. |
I s. | --- | --- | vitlevineb | --- | --- | vitlevineb |
II s. | --- | --- | itlevineb | --- | --- | itlevineb |
III s. | --- | --- | itlevinebs | --- | --- | itlevinebs |
I p. | --- | --- | vitlevinebt | --- | --- | vitlevinebt |
II p. | --- | --- | itlevinebt | --- | --- | itlevinebt |
III p. | --- | --- | itlevineben | --- | --- | itlevineben |
Imperfect | (Subject-Nominative, Direct Object-Dative, Indirect Object-Dative) | |||||
I was making him/her/it cut it | ||||||
S./I.O. | I s. | II s. | III s. | I pl. | II pl. | III pl. |
I s. | --- | gatlevinebdi | vatlevinebdi | --- | gatlevinebdit | vatlevinebdi |
II s. | matlevinebdi | --- | atlevinebdi | gvatlevinebdi | --- | atlevinebdi |
III s. | matlevinebda | gatlevinebda | atlevinebda | gvatlevinebda | gatlevinebdat | atlevinebda |
I p. | --- | gatlevinebdit | vatlevinebdit | --- | gatlevinebdit | vatlevinebdit |
II p. | matlevinebdit | --- | atlevinebdit | gvatlevinebdit | --- | atlevinebdit |
III p. | gatlevinebdnen | gatlevinebdnen | atlevinebdnen | gvatlevinebdnen | gatlevinebdnen | atlevinebdnen |
I was making him/her/it cut it (for him/her/it) | ||||||
S./I.O. | I s. | II s. | III s. | I pl. | II pl. | III pl. |
I s. | --- | gitlevinebdi | vutlevinebdi | --- | gitlevinebdit | vutlevinebdi |
II s. | mitlevinebdi | --- | utlevinebdi | gvitlevinebdi | --- | utlevinebdi |
III s. | mitlevinebda | gitlevinebda | utlevinebda | gvitlevinebda | gitlevinebdat | utlevinebda |
I p. | --- | gitlevinebdit | vutlevinebdit | --- | gitlevinebdit | vutlevinebdit |
II p. | mitlevinebdit | --- | utlevinebdit | gvitlevinebdit | --- | utlevinebdit |
III p. | mitlevinebdnen | gitlevinebdnen | utlevinebdnen | gvitlevinebdnen | gitlevinebdnen | utlevinebdnen |
I was making (him/her/it) cut it for me | ||||||
S./D.O. | I s. | II s. | III s. | I pl. | II pl. | III pl. |
I s. | --- | --- | vitlevinebdi | --- | --- | vitlevinebdi |
II s. | --- | --- | itlevinebdi | --- | --- | itlevinebdi |
III s. | --- | --- | itlevinebda | --- | --- | itlevinebda |
I p. | --- | --- | vitlevinebdit | --- | --- | vitlevinebdit |
II p. | --- | --- | itlevinebdit | --- | --- | itlevinebdit |
III p. | --- | --- | itlevinebdnen | --- | --- | itlevinebdnen |
Present Subjunctive | (Subject-Nominative, Direct Object-Dative, Indirect Object-Dative) | |||||
(if) I were making him/her/it cut it | ||||||
S./I.O. | I s. | II s. | III s. | I pl. | II pl. | III pl. |
I s. | --- | gatlevinebde | vatlevinebde | --- | gatlevinebdet | vatlevinebde |
II s. | matlevinebde | --- | atlevinebde | gvatlevinebde | --- | atlevinebde |
III s. | matlevinebdes | gatlevinebdes | atlevinebdes | gvatlevinebdes | vatlevinebdet | atlevinebdes |
I p. | --- | gatlevinebdet | vatlevinebdet | --- | gatlevinebdet | vatlevinebdet |
II p. | matlevinebdet | --- | atlevinebdet | gvatlevinebdet | --- | atlevinebdet |
III p. | matlevinebdnen | gatlevinebdnen | atlevinebdnen | gvatlevinebdnen | gatlevinebdnen | atlevinebdnen |
(if) I were making him/her/it cut it (for him/her/it) | ||||||
S./I.O. | I s. | II s. | III s. | I pl. | II pl. | III pl. |
I s. | --- | gitlevinebde | vutlevinebde | --- | gitlevinebdet | vutlevinebde |
II s. | mitlevinebde | --- | utlevinebde | gvitlevinebde | --- | utlevinebde |
III s. | mitlevinebdes | gitlevinebdes | utlevinebdes | gvitlevinebdes | gitlevinebdet | utlevinebdes |
I p. | --- | gitlevinebdet | vutlevinebdet | --- | gitlevinebdet | vutlevinebdet |
II p. | mitlevinebdet | --- | utlevinebdet | gvitlevinebdet | --- | utlevinebdet |
III p. | mitlevinebdnen | gitlevinebdnen | utlevinebdnen | gvitlevinebdnen | gitlevinebdnen | utlevinebdnen |
(if) I were making him/her/it cut it for me | ||||||
S./D.O. | I s. | II s. | III s. | I pl. | II pl. | III pl. |
I s. | --- | --- | vitlevinebde | --- | --- | vitlevinebde |
II s. | --- | --- | itlevinebde | --- | --- | itlevinebde |
III s. | --- | --- | itlevinebdes | --- | --- | itlevinebdes |
I p. | --- | --- | vitlevinebdet | --- | --- | vitlevinebdet |
II p. | --- | --- | itlevinebdet | --- | --- | itlevinebdet |
III p. | --- | --- | itlevinebdnen | --- | --- | itlevinebdnen |
Future | (Subject-Nominative, Direct Object-Dative, Indirect Object-Dative) | |||||
I will make him/her/it cut it | ||||||
S./I.O. | I s. | II s. | III s. | I pl. | II pl. | III pl. |
I s. | --- | gagatlevineb | gavatlevineb | --- | gagatlevinebt | gavatlevineb |
II s. | gamatlevineb | --- | gaatlevineb | gagvatlevineb | --- | gaatlevineb |
III s. | gamatlevinebs | gagatlevinebs | gaatlevinebs | --- | gagatlevinebt | gaatlevinebs |
I p. | --- | gagatlevinebt | gavatlevinebt | --- | gagatlevinebt | gavatlevinebt |
II p. | gamatlevinebt | --- | gaatlevinebt | gagvatlevinebt | --- | gaatlevinebt |
III p. | gamatlevineben | gagatlevineben | gaatlevineben | gagvatlevineben | gagatlevineben | gaatlevineben |
I will make him/her/it cut it (for him/her/it) | ||||||
S./I.O. | I s. | II s. | III s. | I pl. | II pl. | III pl. |
I s. | --- | gagitlevineb | gavutlevineb | --- | gagitlevinebt | gavutlevineb |
II s. | gamitlevlineb | --- | gautlevineb | gagvitlevineb | --- | gautlevineb |
III s. | gamitlevinebs | gagitlevinebs | gautlevinebs | gagvitlevinebs | gagitlevinebt | gautlevinebs |
I p. | --- | gagitlevinebt | gavutlevinebt | --- | gagitlevinebt | gavutlevinebt |
II p. | gamitlevinebt | --- | gautlevinebt | gagvitlevinebt | --- | gautlevinebt |
III p. | gamitlevineben | gagitlevineben | gautlevineben | gagvitlevineben | gagitlevineben | gautlevineben |
I will make (him/her/it) cut if for me | ||||||
S./D.O. | I s. | II s. | III s. | I pl. | II pl. | III pl. |
I s. | --- | --- | gavitlevineb | --- | --- | gavitlevineb |
II s. | --- | --- | gaitlevineb | --- | --- | gaitlevineb |
III s. | --- | --- | gaitlevinebs | --- | --- | gaitlevinebs |
I p. | --- | --- | gavitlevinebt | --- | --- | gavitlevinebt |
II p. | --- | --- | gaitlevinebt | --- | --- | gaitlevinebt |
III p. | --- | --- | gaitlevineben | --- | --- | gaitlevineben |
Conditional | (Subject-Nominative, Direct Object-Dative, Indirect Object-Dative) | |||||
I would make him/her/it cut it | ||||||
S./I.O. | I s. | II s. | III s. | I pl. | II pl. | III pl. |
I s. | --- | gagatlevinebdi | gavatlevinebdi | --- | gagatlevinebdit | gavatlevinebdi |
II s. | gamatlevinebdi | --- | gaatlevinebdi | gagvatlevinebdi | --- | gaatlevinebdi |
III s. | gamatlevinebda | gagatlevinebda | gaatlevinebda | gagvatlevinebda | gagatlevinebdat | gaatlevinebda |
I p. | --- | gagatlevinebdit | gavatlevinebdit | --- | gagatlevinebdit | gavatlevinebdit |
II p. | gamatlevinebdit | --- | gaatlevinebdit | gagvatlevinebdit | --- | gaatlevinebdit |
III p. | gamatlevinebdnen | gagatlevinebdnen | gaatlevinebdnen | gagvatlevinebdnen | gagatlevinebdnen | gaatlevinebdnen |
I would make him/her/it cut it (for him/her/it) | ||||||
S./I.O. | I s. | II s. | III s. | I pl. | II pl. | III pl. |
I s. | --- | gagitlevinebdi | gavutlevinebdi | --- | gagitlevinebdit | gavutlevinebdi |
II s. | gamitlevinebdi | --- | gautlevinebdi | gagvitlevinebdi | --- | gautlevinebdi |
III s. | gamitlevinebda | gagitlevinebda | gautlevinebda | gagvitlevinebda | gagitlevinebdat | gautlevinebda |
I p. | --- | gagitlevinebdit | gavutlevinebdit | --- | gagitlevinebdit | gavutlevinebdit |
II p. | gamitlevinebdit | --- | gautlevinebdit | gagvitlevinebdit | --- | gautlevinebdit |
III p. | gamitlevinebdnen | gagitlevinebdnen | gautlevinebdnen | gagvitlevinebdnen | gagitlevinebdnen | gautlevinebdnen |
I would make (him/her/it) cut it for me | ||||||
S./D.O. | I s. | II s. | III s. | I pl. | II pl. | III pl. |
I s. | --- | --- | gavitlevinebdi | --- | --- | gavitlevinebdi |
II s. | --- | --- | gaitlevinebdi | --- | --- | gaitlevinebdi |
III s. | --- | --- | gaitlevinebda | --- | --- | gaitlevinebda |
I p. | --- | --- | gavitlevinebdit | --- | --- | gavitlevinebdit |
II p. | --- | --- | gaitlevinebdit | --- | --- | gaitlevinebdit |
III p. | --- | --- | gaitlevinebdnen | --- | --- | gaitlevinebdnen |
Future Subjunctive | (Subject-Nominative, Direct Object-Dative, Indirect Object-Dative) | |||||
(if) I were to make him/her/it cut it | ||||||
S./I.O. | I s. | II s. | III s. | I pl. | II pl. | III pl. |
I s. | --- | gagatlevinebde | gavatlevinebde | --- | gagatlevinebdet | gavatlevinebde |
II s. | gamatlevinebde | --- | gaatlevinebde | gagvatlevinebde | --- | gaatlevinebde |
III s. | gamatlevinebdes | gagatlevinebdes | gaatlevinebdes | gagvatlevinebdes | gagatlevinebdet | gaatlevinebdes |
I p. | --- | gagatlevinebdet | gavatlevinebdet | --- | gagatlevinebdet | gavatlevinebdet |
II p. | gamatlevinebdet | --- | gaatlevinebdet | gagvatlevinebdet | --- | gaatlevinebdet |
III p. | gamatlevinebdnen | gagatlevinebdnen | gaatlevinebdnen | gagvatlevinebdnen | gagatlevinebdnen | gaatlevinebdnen |
(if) I were to make him/her/it cut it (for him/her/it) | ||||||
S./I.O. | I s. | II s. | III s. | I pl. | II pl. | III pl. |
I s. | --- | gagitlevinebde | gavutlevinebde | --- | gagitlevinebdet | gavutlevinebde |
II s. | gamitlevinebde | --- | gautlevinebde | gagvitlevinebde | --- | gautlevinebde |
III s. | gamitlevinebdes | gagitlevinebdes | gautlevinebdes | gagvitlevinebdes | gagitlevinebdet | gautlevinebdes |
I p. | --- | gagitlevinebdet | gavutlevinebdet | --- | gagitlevinebdet | gavutlevinebdet |
II p. | gamitlevinebdet | --- | gautlevinebdet | gagvitlevinebdet | --- | gautlevinebdet |
III p. | gamitlevinebdnen | gagitlevinebdnen | gautlevinebdnen | gagvitlevinebdnen | gagitlevinebdnen | gautlevinebdnen |
(if) I were to make (him/her/it) cut it for me | ||||||
S./D.O. | I s. | II s. | III s. | I pl. | II pl. | III pl. |
I s. | --- | --- | gavitlevinebde | --- | --- | gavitlevinebde |
II s. | --- | --- | gaitlevinebde | --- | --- | gaitlevinebde |
III s. | --- | --- | gaitlevinebdes | --- | --- | gaitlevinebdes |
I p. | --- | --- | gavitlevinebdet | --- | --- | gavitlevinebdet |
II p. | --- | --- | gaitlevinebdet | --- | --- | gaitlevinebdet |
III p. | --- | --- | gaitlevinebdnen | --- | --- | gaitlevinebdnen |
Aorist | (Subject-Ergative, Direct Object-Nominative, Indirect Object-Dative) | |||||
I made him/her/it cut it | ||||||
S./I.O. | I s. | II s. | III s. | I pl. | II pl. | III pl. |
I s. | --- | (ga)gatlevine | (ga)vatlevine | --- | (ga)gatlevinet | (ga)vatlevine |
II s. | (ga)matlevine | --- | (ga)atlevine | (ga)gvatlevine | --- | (ga)atlevine |
III s. | (ga)matlevina | (ga)gatlevina | (ga)atlevina | (ga)gvatlevina | (ga)gatlevinat | (ga)atlevina |
I p. | --- | (ga)gatlevinet | (ga)vatlevinet | --- | (ga)gatlevinet | (ga)vatlevinet |
II p. | (ga)matlevinet | --- | (ga)atlevinet | (ga)gvatlevinet | --- | (ga)atlevinet |
III p. | (ga)matlevines | (ga)gatlevines | (ga)atlevines | (ga)gvatlevines | (ga)gatlevines | (ga)atlevines |
I made him/her/it cut it (for him/her/it) | ||||||
S./I.O. | I s. | II s. | III s. | I pl. | II pl. | III pl. |
I s. | --- | (ga)gitlevine | (ga)vutlevine | --- | (ga)gitlevinet | (ga)vutlevine |
II s. | (ga)mitlevine | --- | (ga)utlevine | (ga)gvitlevine | --- | (ga)utlevine |
III s. | (ga)mitlevina | (ga)gitlevina | (ga)utlevina | (ga)gvitlevina | (ga)gitlevinat | (ga)utlevina |
I p. | --- | (ga)gitlevinet | (ga)vutlevinet | --- | (ga)gitlevinet | (ga)vutlevinet |
II p. | (ga)mitlevinet | --- | (ga)utlevinet | (ga)gvitlevinet | --- | (ga)utlevinet |
III p. | (ga)mitlevines | (ga)gitlevines | (ga)utlevines | (ga)gvitlevines | (ga)gitlevines | (ga)utlevines |
I made (him/her/it) cut it for me | ||||||
S./D.O. | I s. | II s. | III s. | I pl. | II pl. | III pl. |
I s. | --- | --- | (ga)vitlevine | --- | --- | (ga)vitlevine |
II s. | --- | --- | (ga)itlevine | --- | --- | (ga)itlevine |
III s. | --- | --- | (ga)itlevina | --- | --- | (ga)itlevina |
I p. | --- | --- | (ga)vitlevinet | --- | --- | (ga)vitlevinet |
II p. | --- | --- | (ga)itlevinet | --- | --- | (ga)itlevinet |
III p. | --- | --- | (ga)itlevines | --- | --- | (ga)itlevines |
Optative | (Subject-Ergative, Direct Object-Nominative, Indirect Object-Dative) | |||||
I (should) make him/her/it cut it | ||||||
S./I.O. | I s. | II s. | III s. | I pl. | II pl. | III pl. |
I s. | --- | (ga)gatlevino | (ga)vatlevino | --- | (ga)gatlevinot | (ga)gatlevino |
II s. | (ga)matlevino | --- | (ga)atlevino | (ga)gvatlevino | --- | (ga)atlevino |
III s. | (ga)matlevinos | (ga)gatlevinos | (ga)atlevinos | (ga)gvatlevinos | (ga)gatlevinot | (ga)atlevinos |
I p. | --- | (ga)gatlevinot | (ga)vatlevinot | --- | (ga)gatlevinot | (ga)vatlevinot |
II p. | (ga)matlevinot | --- | (ga)atlevinot | (ga)gvatlevinot | --- | (ga)atlevinot |
III p. | (ga)matlevinon | (ga)gatlevinon | (ga)atlevinon | (ga)gvatlevinon | (ga)gatlevinon | (ga)atlevinon |
I (should) make him/her/it cut it (for him/her/it) | ||||||
S./I.O. | I s. | II s. | III s. | I pl. | II pl. | III pl. |
I s. | --- | (ga)gitlevino | (ga)vutlevino | --- | (ga)gitlevinot | (ga)vutlevino |
II s. | (ga)mitlevino | --- | (ga)utlevino | (ga)gvitlevino | --- | (ga)utlevino |
III s. | (ga)mitlevinos | (ga)gitlevinos | (ga)utlevinos | (ga)gvitlevinos | (ga)gitlevinot | (ga)utlevinos |
I p. | --- | (ga)gitlevinot | (ga)vutlevinot | --- | (ga)gitlevinot | (ga)vutlevinot |
II p. | (ga)mitlevinot | --- | (ga)utlevinot | (ga)gvitlevinot | --- | (ga)utlevinot |
III p. | (ga)mitlevinon | (ga)gitlevinon | (ga)utlevinon | (ga)gvitlevinon | (ga)gitlevinon | (ga)utlevinon |
I (should) make (him/her/it) cut it for me | ||||||
S./D.O. | I s. | II s. | III s. | I pl. | II pl. | III pl. |
I s. | --- | --- | (ga)vitlevino | --- | --- | (ga)vitlevino |
II s. | --- | --- | (ga)itlevino | --- | --- | (ga)itlevino |
III s. | --- | --- | (ga)itlevinos | --- | --- | (ga)itlevinos |
I p. | --- | --- | (ga)vitlevinot | --- | --- | (ga)vitlevinot |
II p. | --- | --- | (ga)itlevinot | --- | --- | (ga)itlevinot |
III p. | --- | --- | (ga)itlevinon | --- | --- | (ga)itlevinon |
Present Perfect | (Subject-Dative, Direct Object-Nominative) | |||||
(it seems) I have made (him/her/it) cut it | ||||||
S./D.O. | I s. | II s. | III s. | I pl. | II pl. | III pl. |
I s. | --- | (ga)mitlevinebixar | (ga)mitlevinebia | --- | (ga)mitlevinebixart | (ga)mitlevinebia |
II s. | (ga)gitlevinebivar | --- | (ga)gitlevinebia | (ga)gitlevinebivart | --- | (ga)gitlevinebia |
III s. | (ga)vutlevinebivar | (ga)utlevinebixar | (ga)utlevinebia | (ga)vutlevinebivart | (ga)utlevinebixart | (ga)utlevinebia |
I p. | --- | (ga)gvitlevinebixar | (ga)gvitlevinebia | --- | (ga)gvitlevinebixart | (ga)gvitlevinebia |
II p. | (ga)gitlevinebivart | --- | (ga)gitlevinebiat | (ga)gitlevinebivart | --- | (ga)gitlevinebiat |
III p. | (ga)vutlevinebivar | (ga)utlevinebixar | (ga)utlevinebiat | (ga)vutlevinebivart | (ga)utlevinebixart | (ga)utlevinebiat |
(if) I had made (him/her/it) cut it | ||||||
S./D.O. | I s. | II s. | III s. | I pl. | II pl. | III pl. |
I s. | --- | (ga)metlevinebine | (ga)metlevinebina | --- | (ga)metlevinebinet | (ga)metlevinebina |
II s. | (ga)getlevinebine | --- | (ga)getlevinebina | (ga)getlevinebinet | --- | (ga)getlevinebina |
III s. | (ga)vetlevinebine | (ga)etlevinebine | (ga)etlevinebina | (ga)vetlevinebinet | (ga)etlevinebinet | (ga)etlevinebina |
I p. | --- | (ga)gvetlevinebine | (ga)gvetlevinebina | --- | (ga)gvetlevinebinet | (ga)gvetlevinebina |
II p. | (ga)getlevinebinet | --- | (ga)getlevinebinat | (ga)getlevinebinet | --- | (ga)getlevinebinat |
III p. | (ga)vetlevinebine | (ga)etlevinebine | (ga)etlevinebinat | (ga)vetlevinebinet | (ga)etlevinebinet | (ga)etlevinebinat |
Perfect Subjunctive | (Subject-Dative, Direct Object-Nominative) | |||||
(I wish) I could make (him/her/it) cut it | ||||||
S./D.O. | I s. | II s. | III s. | I pl. | II pl. | III pl. |
I s. | --- | (ga)metlevinebino | (ga)metlevinebinos | --- | (ga)metlevinebinot | (ga)metlevinebinos |
II s. | (ga)getlevinebino | --- | (ga)getlevinebinos | (ga)getlevinebinot | --- | (ga)getlevinebinos |
III s. | (ga)vetlevinebino | (ga)etlevinebino | (ga)etlevinebinos | (ga)vetlevinebinot | (ga)etlevinebinot | (ga)etlevinebinos |
I p. | --- | (ga)gvetlevinebino | (ga)gvetlevinebinos | --- | (ga)gvetlevinebinot | (ga)gvetlevinebinos |
II p. | (ga)getlevinebinot | --- | (ga)getlevinebinot | (ga)getlevinebinot | --- | (ga)getlevinebinot |
III p. | (ga)vetlevinebino | (ga)etlevinebino | (ga)etlevinebinot | (ga)vetlevinebinot | (ga)etlevinebinot | (ga)etlevinebinot |
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